Hydraulic-pressure machine.



PATENTED SEPT, '12,

R. D. PILDES. HYDRAULIC PRESSURE MACHINE.

PATENTED SEPT. 12, 1905. R. D. FILDBS. HYDRAULIC PRESSURE MACHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED FEB. 6. 1902.

16 SHBBTS-SHEBT 2.

.PATENTBD SEPT. 12, 1905.

R. D. PILDES.

HYDRAULIC PRESSURE MACHINE.

16 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

IllllllIl No. 799,229. PATENTED SEPT. 12, 1905. R. D. PILDES.

HYDRAULIC PRESSURE MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. e. 1902.

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PATENTED SEPT. 12, 1905.

R. D. FILDES. HYDRAULIC PRESSURE MACHINE.

AI'PLIOATIOH TILED FEB. 6. 1902.

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- HYDRAULIC PRESSURE MACHINE.

APPLIOATICN rmm rim. 6. 1902.

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"WHIW I l ummx PATENTED SEPT. 12, 1905.

R. D. FILDES. HYDRAULIC PRESSURE MACHINE.

APPLIUATION FILED FEB. 6. 1902.

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AIAT-IA No. 799,229. PATENTE'D SEPT. 12, 1905. R. D. FILDES.

HYDRAULIC PRESSURE MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. e, 1902.

16 SHEETS-SHEET a.

w g 1 y @Q/MM No. 799,229. PATENTED'SEPT. 12, 1905. R. 1). PILDBS.

HYDRAULIC PRESSURE MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED IBB. 8. 1902.

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PATENTED SEPT. 12, 1905.

R. D. FILDES. HYDRAULIC PRESSURE MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 6,1902.

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wg/w PATENTED SEPT. 12, 1905.

R. D. PILDES. 1

HYDRAULIC PRESSURE MACHINE.

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APPLICATION TILED FEB. 6, 1902.

N0. 799,229. PATENTED SEPT. 12, 1905. R. D. PILDES.

HYDRAULIC PRESSURE MACHINE.

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ll, I!!! F Iva/ant er; 2 wm No. 799,229. PATENTED SEPT. 12, 1905. R. D. PILDBS.

HYDRAULIC PRESSURE MACHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED FEB. s, 1902.

16 SHEETS-SHEET l3.

No. 799,229. PATENTED SEPT. 12, 1905. R. D. FILDES.

HYDRAULIC PRESSURE MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. s. 1902.

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"IHIlI I No. 799,229. PATENTED SEPT. 12, 1905.

R D FILDES HYDRAULIC PRESSURE MACHINE.

APPLICATION TILED FEB. 6. 1902.

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QR v z PATENTED SEPT. 12, 1905.

R. n. FILDBS.

HYDRAULIC PRESSURE MACHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED FEB. B, 1902.

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UNITED STATES ROLLIN D. FILDES, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO PATENT OFFICE.

LE GRAND PARISH, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 12, 1905.

Application filed February 6.1902. Serial No- 92,936.

To It 1071 0111, it 'III/(LZ/ concern:

Be it known that I, ROLLIN l). Finnns, a citizen of the United States of America,and a resident of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydraulic-Pressure Machines, of which the following, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification.

This invention has reference to improvements in hydraulic pressure machines, whereby to increase the facility of control thereof, and consequently the amount of work which can be done thereby, to enable the operators to exercise greater certainty and quickness of control, and to make it possible to govern the operation of the pressure machine or several hydraulic rams so as to exert force in different directions and at different times and places, as may be desired, all of the operations being under the control of a man who manipulates a switch-board located in some suitable or convenient place.

Another object of my invention is to provide a pressure machine of the kind specified, which is peculiarly useful for pressing wheels on and off axles, and in such application of my improvement it is possible to push both wheels on an axle at the same time, to push them both off at the same time, to push either one wheel or the other wheel on or off, as may be desired, separately, or in case the wheels after being pressed on happen to be put on too far, or for any other reason the position of either or both of them is to be changed, to make it possible for the operator readily to alter the position of the wheels without taking the wheels or axle out .of the machine.

Another object of my invention is to provide in combination an end resistance device, such for example as the usual form of end hydraulic ram construction, and certain center head mechanism, combined with means for applying power to the said center head to force it toward the end resistance device, whereby when used, for example, in connection with wheel and axle work, the wheel or wheels can be forced out by the center heads, the end rams operating as resistance devices.

The above, as well as such other objects as may hereinafter appear, I attain by means of a construction which'l have illustrated in preferred form in the accompanying drawings,

wherein I have shown a machine embodying my improvements, in which I have shown an axle with two wheels thereon in position in the machine, and the several parts and operative mechanism in what may be called neutral position.

In the said drawings Figures I to 15 inclusive relate mainly to the construction of the main portion of the machine, or the framework thereof.

Figures 16 to 21 inclusive have special reference to the valve and pump mechanism of the several hydraulic rams, and

Figures 22 to 36 inclusive have special reference to the details of the valve operating mechanism, or whatI have called switch-board device, which has the manually operated handles thereon.

Figure 1 is a frontclevation of a machine embodying my improvements, showing an axle with a pair of wheels thereon mounted in the machine in position just before the parts are to be operated to press the wheels otf the axle.

Figure 2 is a section taken on the line 2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a section with certain of the parts in elevation. taken on the line 3 of Figures 1 and i2, and showing particularly the construction, in horizontal sectional view, of one of the end rams and the pumps attached thereto.

Figure I is a vertical section taken on the line at of Figure 3, showing the detail construction of the center head and intermediate frame casting, with the ram devices of the same, the axle and two wheels being also shown in position in the machine as in Fig. I.

Figure 5 is a view partly in section, the section being taken on the line 5 in Figures 1 and a.

Figure 6 is a section taken on the line 6 of Figures 1 and 4.

Figure 7 is an elevation intended to show certain of the connections to the center heads.

Figure 8 is a section taken on the line 8 of Figure 7, showing in detail the construction of the connecting device where the air and water supply joins to pass to the center head rams.

Figure 9 is a section taken on the line 9 of Figure 8.

Figure 10 is a section taken on the line 10 of Figures 1 and 2, showing the lower portion of the frame construction.

Figure 11 is a plan sectional View on the line 11 of Figure 12, showing in plan view the adjusting mechanism employed for the wheel carriage.

Figure 12 is a sectional view taken on the line 12 of Figure 10, showing in transverse position the wheel carriage and a portion of the frame.

Figure 13 is a sectional view on the line 13 of Figure 10, showing in detail a portion of the adjusting mechanism for the wheel carriage.

Figure 1 1 is a sectional view on the line 14 of Figure 11, showing another detail relating to the wheel carriage mechanism, and

Figure 15 is a sectional view on the line 15 of Figure 5, showing the construction and mounting of the cylinder employed for retracting the center heads of the machine.

Figure 16 is a view taken mainly on the section indicated by the line 16 on Figures 2, 3, 18, 20, and 21, and is intended to show certain of the parts relating particularly to the hydraulic valve mechanism, and the fluid-actuated devices controlling the same.

Figure 17 is a view taken on the section indicated by the line 17 on Figures 2, 3, 18, 19, 20, and 21, and shows other portions of the valve mechanism and the fluid actuated piston devices which control the same.

Figure 18 is a sectional view taken on the line 18 of Figures 1, 3, 16, 17, and 20, and shows still other details of the valve mechanism which govern the operation of the rams, and of the fluid actuated piston devices which control such valve mechanism.

Figure 19 is a sectional view takenon the line 19 shown on Figures 1, 3, 16, 17, and 20, and also relates to the valve mechanism governing the rams, and the fluid actuated piston devices which operate said valve mechanism.

Figure 20 is a sectional view on the line 20 of Figures 16, 17 and 18, and shows other portions of thevalve mechanism of therams, and the controlling or actuating devices thereof.

Figure 21 is a section on the line 21 of- Figures 16 and 17.

Figure 22 is a plan View of the switchboard mechanism with the valve chest covers in place.

Figure 23 is a partial plan view with the covers removed.

Figure 24: is a partial plan view with the covers and valves both removed, in order to show the arrangement of valve ports.

Figure 25 is a plan view showing the plate in which the several passages and port openings are made, the said passages and port openings being formed principally by channels in said plate, which are afterward covered by another plate placed over the lower one.

Figure 26 is a sectional view on the line 26 of Figure 25.

Figure 27 is a sectional view through one of the valves taken on the line 27 of Figure 25..

Figure 28 is a view in perspective of one of the valves, showing the general construction of the same.

Figure 29 is a detailed view of the valvestem.

Figure 30 is a detailed view showinga stop ferrule to be placed upon the valve-stem to limit the outward movement of the valve.

Figure 31 is a sectional view taken on the line 31 of Figures 23 and 25.

Figure 32 is a sectional view through another of the valves, taken on the line 32 of Figures 23 and 25.

Figure 33 is a sectional view taken on the line 33 of Figures 23 and 25.

Figure 34: is a sectional view taken onthe line 34L of Figures 23 and 25.

-Figure 35 is a sectional view taken on the line 35 of Figures 23 and 25.

Figure 36 is a sectional view taken on the line 36 of Figures 23 and 25, and

Figure 37 is a diagrammatic representation of the switch-board and its connections, on one half of the machine, showing the pipes leadingfrom the switch-board to the several valve actuating pistons of the hydraulic valve mechanism, the same being shown not as pipes, but as singlelines laid out substantially like electric circuits are laid out on controller plans, for simplicity of illustration.

Referring now more particularly to Figures 1 to 15 inclusive, which, as before stated, have particular reference to the main construction or frame of the machine, it is to be observed that in carrying out my invention I provide first a main bed or foundation 38 upon which are mounted the end cylinders 39 which carry the end rams 4:0.

To the end cylinders 39 are secured two pumps operated by eccentrics 11 and 42, one of said pumps being of larger diameter than the other, as is usual in constructions of this character. The said pumps are arranged to operate from water stored in the tank 43, which is provided with the usual overflow 44,

and some suitable means for filling the tankwhen required. Adjacent to the pumps there is secured a casing, or plurality of casings, which hold the several valvular devices which will be hereinafter described in detail.

The rams 40 are counterbalanced in the usual way by means of a weight 15, and kept from rotating by means of the guide arms 46, which are arranged to engage the upper tie bar 47 in the manner shown, the said upper tie bar being immediately above the lower tie bar 48, which rests upon the upper side of the bed of the machine.

The two end rams, with their connected pumps, and valvular mechanism,with the controlling means for actuating the same are substantially duplicates of each other, and therefore description of both will not be necessary, even although, as will appear later, my switch-board mechanism is so arranged that either end may be operated independently if desired either in pushing on or pulling off of wheels.

In the middle of the machine, and firmly secured to the upper and lower tie bars I provide an intermediate frame 49, at each end of which, that is, on each side of which relative to the end portions of the machine, are ar ranged center heads 50, carried by carriages 51 on the upper tie-bar A7, and slotted or bifurcated at 52 to straddle the lower tie-bar 48, and provided also with recesses or gaps 53. which like the gaps 5 T in the intermediate frame 49, provide means for inserting the axle 55, when the machine is in operation, the said gaps opening laterally at one side, so that the axle can be rolled or pushed in and out without diiiiculty.

The center heads,are provided at their lower ends with projections 56, on which rest one end of the wheel carriages 57, the other end whereof is supported by rollers 58, which bear upon the bed of the machine on either side the lower tie-bar A8. The wheel carriage is provided with a table 59 upon which the wheel rests, and with adjusting devices comprising a plurality of screws 60 arranged to raise and lower the said table, the screws 60 being formed with their upper ends seated in gears 61, which, by means of a suitable key inserted in the key seat 62 (see Figures 12 to 14: inclusive) can be turned simultaneously to effect the desired adjustment of the table. The end of the table which is next the center head is provided with openings 63 engaging pins 64 in such a way that the table and carriages will be moved with the center heads as they travel in and out. (See Fig. let.)

As a means for retracting or drawing the center heads inward or toward each other I provide a cylinder 65 within which is a fluid actuated piston 66, the piston being secured to one of the center heads and the cylinder to the other, so that when fluid pressure is admitted, it acts upon the piston and cylinder to exert a pull upon both of the center heads, as will be clearly evident from examination of the sectional view given in Figure 15. The cylinders 65 are in duplicate, that is, there are two of them, and they are arranged in diagonally opposite positions, the one above the center of the machine, and the other below, and the one at the right and the other at the left, as clearly indicated in Figure 6, in order to exert a balanced pull upon opposite sides of the center of the two center heads. The form of the'gap 5% in the intermediate frame, and the gap 53 in the center head is clearly shown in Figures 6 and 5 respectively and the center heads 50 are provided with suitable means for raising and lowering them or adjusting their positions relative to the carriage 51, as indicated at 67 in Figures 1 and 4. The plate 67 is attached to the center head 50 by adjusting and set screws, and rests on the tie-bar 47 by of the work,

rollers 51, set in slots at its end, as shown in Figures at and 5.

The detailed construction of the ram which actnates the center head, is clearly shown on Figure 4:, upon an examination of which it will appear that in these center heads, above and below the horizontal central plane, there are arranged cylinders 68, within which is a telescopic ram piston, formed of the outer part 69 and the inner part 70, with packing, as shown at 71, the inner piston 70, being tubular and connecting by the opening 72 with the supply pipe 73, which at H, (see Figure 7) is provided with a casing that has both an air and awater inlet, the air inlet being marked 75, and the water inlet 76, and the air inlet being supplied with a non-return check valve T7, which is for the purpose of preventing the water, when the hydraulic pressure exceeds the air pressure, from passing out into the air inlet pipe 75. The part being provided with a stationary head '78, socketed in the recess in the intermediate frame of the machine, gives the telescopic ram somewhat of a lateral movement, and thus permits the more ready adj ustment of the movable head to the requirements The employment of the telescopic ram just described enables me to secure a long stroke of the center heads, in spite of the very limited space between two adjacent car wheels set on an axle of standard gage, and this is an important feature of my improvement. The use of the central passage in the telescopic ram makes it possible to make the fluid supply or inlet connection through the intermediate frame, and does away with the necessity for any kind of movable pipe joint or connection between the inlet or supply pipe and the movable head, which is an advantage that will be appreciated by those skilled in this art. To avoid danger of having the part 69 of the telescopic ram forced out of its cylinder 6S and to carry the piston 69 outward with the head 50 l lix upon the face of abutment 50 the retaining plate as shown in Figure l, which has an opening litting the part 69 and thus retains both the plunger and the sheath T9 in place.

As a means for placing the control of the entire machine in the hands of a single operator, I arrange a switch-board device which as a whole 1 have marked 80. which is preferably located just above and attached to the intermediate frame it), so that the operator can stand in the middle of the machine and observe the action of the same at both ends without moving from his position. Above the switch-board S0 1 place the gages 90, to indicate the pressures.

Referring now more particularly to Figures 16 to 21 inclusive it will be seen that l have therein shown in various sectional views the arrangement of the several valvular devices which comprise the mechanism for controlling the operation of the hydraulic rams,

.there being one set of valves controlling the end 13 in the usual manner, and the discharge or is used.

overflow pipes from the several valves also open into this tank. The valve mechanism controlling the supply of hydraulic pressure to the center heads is located immediately adjacent to, and in the same casing with the other hydraulic valve mechanism at each end of the machine, but is so arranged as to be capable of operation either jointly or separately. The valve mechanism governing the hydraulic passages, as well as the pump devices, are controlled by means of fluid pressure pistons subject to pressures on their opposite sides, regulated or controlled by the switch-board 80. Thus on Figure 16 it will be seen that there is a cylinder 81 containing a piston 82, which has pressure on its opposite sides admitted through the pipes and i,

the said piston being connected to the-rod 83,.

whereby the suction valve 84c on the pump may be raised when it is desired to put the pump out of action. Each of the pumps is provided with a like contrivance for controlling or raising the suction valve to throw it out of use.

At the beginning of the action, before there is need of more power than merely enough to move the outer heads into working position, the water supply pressure alone It enters from pipe 95 (Figure 18) through valve 96 and the vertical pipe and check valve above it, thence to and through the chamber above valve 85 and laterally directly into cylinder 39 behind piston 40, as clearly shown in Figure 20, and thus thrusts the ram 40 against the axle of the wheel, this pressure being thus nicely balanced against the pressure on the other ram'. 7 When it is desired to increase the pressure the piston 94: (Figure 17) is retracted dropping the check valve under the pump, and the valve 89 being also opened by piston 91 the high pressure fluid, pumped from tank &8 by piston 92 enters through pipes 87 and 76 to the center rams, and at the same time(Figure 20) through the check valve to the right, around valve 85 and into the end cylinder 89. The feed pipe pressure is not used to move the center rams, but after the hard initial pressure, their motion is continued by the air pressure in pipe 75 and through valve 77 (Figure 9.)

By referring to Figure 17 it will be seen that the discharge from the end cylinder, which is through the pipe 84, is controlled by means of a hydraulic valve 85, which receives its movement through the piston 86, operated by air pressures on its opposite sides, admitted through the pipes b and a. From the same figure it will be seen that the supply pipe 87 leading to the center heads, (which is provided with the check valve 88 to prevent return of pressure when the center heads are being held with pressure on) is controlled by means of a hydraulic valve 89, which is actuated by the piston 91 subject to fluid pressures admitted on its opposite sides through the pipes 19 and g. This Figure 17 also represents in-section the large pump 92, which, like the small pump, 93, shown on Figure 16, is controlled in a similar manner by means of a piston 94, which in this instance receives pressure on its opposite sides, through the pipes h and 70.

On Figure 18 it will be seen that the water supply 95 leading to the end rams is controlled by the valve 96, which receives its movement from the piston 97, which, like the other valve controlled pistons, is subject to pressures on its opposite sides received through the pipes e and 0. This water supply pipe which is marked 95 may be taken from any convenient source of pressure supply.

On Figure 19 it will be seen the discharge pipe from the center cylinder, which is marked 98, is controlled by the valve 99, receiving movement through the piston 100, subject to air pressures from the pipes a and 0.

In order to facilitate the opening of the outlet valve 85, (see Figures 17 and 20) which controls the discharge from the end cylinders, means is provided in the shape of the small leak valve Figure 16 which, through the piston 86, subject to the control of the pressure in the pipe 5, operates when the pressure is removed from said pipe to permit leakage or escape of a certain quantity of the pressure above the valve 85 and the more ready unseat ing of the same by the fluid pressures acting on the piston 86. The water which escapes in this manner is allowed to drain oil? through the tube 8a to the tank 43 as shown in Figure 16.

The switch-board mechanism is illustrated in detail as already stated, in Figures 23 to 36 inclusive, and by reference to these figures it will be seen that it consists primarily of a table 108, above which is secured a cover plate 109, on top oi which at one end is the valve seat block 110, over which are fastened the valve chest covers 111, containing in their respective chambers the several valves numbered 101 to 107 inclusive. Valve 107 with the several ports and openings which it controls, together with the handle for opera-ting the same, is clearly shown in Figure 27, and sectional views of each of the other valves are clearly shown in Figures 81 to 86 inclusive, each valve being shown in what I shall designate an outward position, in which the ferrule 112 afiords a stop to prevent the closure of the inlet opening to the valve chamber, which comes up through the port, 

